Point and Line to Plane by Wassily Kandinsky


Point and Line to Plane
Title : Point and Line to Plane
Author :
Rating :
ISBN : 0486238083
ISBN-10 : 9780486238081
Language : English
Format Type : Paperback
Number of Pages : 192
Publication : First published January 1, 1926

"I had the impression that here painting itself comes to the foreground; I wondered if it would not be possible to go further in this direction."
Thus did the young Russian painter Wassily Kandinsky (1866–1944) react to his first viewing of Monet's Haystack, included in an 1895 Moscow exhibit of French Impressionists. It was his first perception of the dematerialization of an object and presaged the later development of his influential theories of non-objective art.
During study and travel in Europe, the young artist breathed the heady atmosphere of artistic experimentation. Fauvism, Cubism, Symbolism, and other movements played an important role in the development of his own revolutionary approach to painting. Decrying literal representation, Kandinsky emphasized instead the importance of form, color, rhythm, and the artist's inner need in expressing reality.
In Point and Line to Plane, one of the most influential books in 20th-century art, Kandinsky presents a detailed exposition of the inner dynamics of non-objective painting. Relying on his own unique terminology, he develops the idea of point as the "proto-element" of painting, the role of point in nature, music, and other art, and the combination of point and line that results in a unique visual language. He then turns to an absorbing discussion of line — the influence of force on line, lyric and dramatic qualities, and the translation of various phenomena into forms of linear expression. With profound artistic insight, Kandinsky points out the organic relationship of the elements of painting, touching on the role of texture, the element of time, and the relationship of all these elements to the basic material plane called upon to receive the content of a work of art.
Originally published in 1926, this essay represents the mature flowering of ideas first expressed in Kandinsky's earlier seminal book, Concerning the Spiritual in Art. As an influential member of the Bauhaus school and a leading theoretician of abstract expressionism, Kandinsky helped formulate the modern artistic temperament. This book amply demonstrates the importance of his contribution and its profound effect on 20th-century art.


Point and Line to Plane Reviews


  • Anastasia

    Πρόκειται για ένα πρωτοποριακό βιβλίο, ειδικά για την εποχή του, μία απόπειρα κατανόησης και εξήγησης της αφηρημένης τέχνης που σίγουρα σε ωθεί να αντικρίσεις με μία τελείως διαφορετική οπτική τον συγκεκριμένο τομέα της ζωγραφικής αλλά και το σύνολο των καλλιτεχνικών συνθέσεων. Η απόπειρα αυτή ξεκινάει από το πιο βασικό στοιχείο, το σημείο, για να περάσει στη γραμμή και να καταλήξει στο επίπεδο και στην τελική σύνθεση των επιμέρους στοιχείων. Όλες οι εντάσεις, εσωτερικές και εξωτερικές, τα χρώματα, οι μορφές, τα υλικά, τα σχήματα και ο συνδυασμός τους αναλύονται και παρουσιάζονται με φόντο την ιστορία, τις επιστήμες, τις διάφορες τέχνες, ακόμη και την φιλοσοφία. Προσωπικά, με βοήθησε να κατανοήσω πολλές αρχές τις τέχνης αυτής την οποία γνώριζα μόνο σε ιστορικό επίπεδο, αλλά χωρίς να μου δώσει την εντύπωση ενός ξεκάθαρου εγχειριδίου, μίας επιστήμης της τέχνης. Ακόμη κάποια πράγματα παραμένουν θολά, μετέωρα και ίσως πιο εμπειρικά, σίγουρα όμως ανοίγει δρόμους και προοπτικές για μια διαφορετική προσέγγιση και βίωση του καλλιτεχνικού κόσμου.

  • Matthew

    Absolutely awful. One of the worst books I've ever read. Kandinsky's writing is extremely weak, with numerous undefined terms (especially "tension", "sound" and "temperature" as they relate to graphic objects), and an abundance of unsupported claims. For example,

    The most objective of the three typical angles is the right angle, which also is the coldest. It divides the square plane into exactly 4 parts. The acute angle is the tensest as well as the warmest. It cuts the plane into exactly eight parts.


    and

    At the moment the point is moved from the center of the basic plane - eccentric structure - the double sound becomes audible: 1. absolute sound of the point, 2. sound of the given location in the basic plane. This second sound, which in the case of the centric structure was almost silenced, again becomes distinct and transforms the sound of the point from the absolute to the relative.


    Hogwash.

    I'm a mathematician and an art creator, so perhaps this kind of pseudo-mathematical writing disturbs me more than it would others. It's a great disappointment, since I revere much of Kandinsky's art.

  • Rebekah

    we disagree, kandinsky and i. but with arguing, how much better to have something direct and strong to argue against.

    there are also several worthwhile illustrations of ships and very generous margins for marking in.



  • Ed Smiley

    Read alongside
    Abstraction in Art and Nature. These two books take diametrically opposite, and supplementary approaches.
    Point and Line to Plane is primarily a priori and Abstraction in Art and Nature a posteriori. They benefit from being read together.

    Unlike Abstraction in Art and Nature , this derives formal relationship through a quasi-axiomatic method, using the most elementary visual primitives. Kandinsky attempts to derive and relate intuitive and emotional responses to these forms. He generally does not use examples from the "material realm".

    This may be off putting to artists who never work with, say, triangles or straight lines, or those whose approach is entirely intuitive.

    I think its strength lies in the way it looks at correspondences and analogies between colors, diagonals, clusters of points and so on. For example, yellow is a "hotter" and "sharper" color than blue, and a triangle is a "sharper" and "hotter" shape than a circle. So in a composition, a triangular shape can be augmented by coloring it yellow, and given a softened, and mixed character by coloring it blue. So you can use awareness of these kinds of correspondences to vary the emotional and compositional characteristics of a visual work.

  • Lucia M

    Quiero leer más libros sobre mi campo laboral y mi otra pasión que es el arte. Sin embargo, los libros más teóricos son difíciles de encontrar incluso pirateando. Específicamente este libro es interesante, pero quería leer algo más sesudo y de corte filosófico, no fue lo que encontré. No me rendiré.

  • Natalie

    A difficult read, but a very interesting idea is developed. Kandinsky attempts to codify artistic composition scientifically.

  • Maja

    Kandinsky's books are like his paintings - abstract for me.

  • Inertiatic85

    La lettura di questo saggio è stata davvero interessante. I contenuti non sono di facile assimilazione, perché sono anche molto personali e comunque rappresentano una concezione di arte e di pittura risalente ormai a circa cento anni fa, e l'arte contemporanea intanto ne ha fatta di strada, è stato scritto tantissimo, le teorie si sono evolute a una velocità incredibile e in direzioni completamente diverse. Ma in ogni caso questo libro ci aiuta a comprendere il flusso che è alla base del pensiero artistico di Kandinsky - un pittore che astrattista non ci è certo nato, ma lo è diventato - e ci dimostra come il suo sentire l'arte non sia frutto di casualità, ma di teorie ben precise e complesse nelle forme e nell'elaborazione. Consigliato agli appassionati di Avanguardie.

  • Diego Tonini

    Libro molto interessante, primo per il tentativo di dare forma scientifica alla teoria dell’arte e poi perché permette di addentrarsi nell’arte di kandinsky, nel capire le sue scelte geometriche e di composizione. Tuttavia il carattere molto sinestetico della scrittura di kandinsky mi ha lasciato alla fine la sensazione di aver capito solo una minima parte di quello che ho letto.
    Probabilmente è un libro da rileggere più volte per essere davvero assimilato.

  • ktulu81

    Apprezzavo già Kandinskij, ma solo a livello istintivo, avendone studiato semplicemente l'inquadramento storico ed alcuni pincipi base alle superiori.
    Questo saggio mi ha aperto un mondo: non immaginavo che le teoria alla base della sua opera fosse così ambiziosa: scomporre e analizzare le regole compositive dell'opera d'arte (non solo della pittura) e della natura, codificarle quindi in un linguaggio per poterne controllare esattamente gli effetti "emotivi".
    La prossima volta che avrò modo di ammirare le sue opere immagino che rimmarrò mezz'ora incantata di fronte ad ogni quadro, cercando di riconoscere il percorso mentale che ha portato alla sua creazione e gli espedienti utilizzati per produrre l'effetto desiderato sullo spettatore.

  • Nina J. Kors

    Ho provato a leggere questo libro parecchie volte: Kandinsky mi piaceva tantissimo e il titolo è intrigante.
    Poi, a sfogliare le pagine, si trovano tanti disegni: triangoli, linee, scarabocchi.

    Una sorta di testo di grafica pubblicato originariamente nel 1926 (casa editrice diretta da Walter Gropius e Ladislaus Moholy-Nagy, capisci...)

    Forse si prende il mano il libro con il desiderio di scoprire i segreti della pittura e della creatività di Vassily Kandinsky.
    Però non sono mai riuscita a leggerlo.
    Mi sono sempre fermata a un certo punto: la spinta iniziale perde forza e io mi addormento pensando di riprendere in mano il libro la sera successiva.

    La sera successiva c'è sempre un altro libro che mi aspetta, e questo finisce sotto, nella pila di libri in attesa. Ormai dal 1991.

    Però penso che non sia colpa del libro: non appena avrò tempo e mi darò nuovamente alla pittura, allora entrerà ancora nella mia sfera di interessi e troverò il modo di leggerlo.

    Per adesso lo piazzo in libreria.

  • Antonio Rubio Reyes

    Me parece excelente la premisa: proponer un nuevo comienzo de la teoría del arte. Un nuevo arte, como el abstracto, necesita nuevas terminologías. Aquí Kandinsky se propone desestructurar las ideas y retomarlas desde lo más fundamental: el trazo y la línea. Sin embargo, el autor padece de las mismas características negativas que contaminaron los discursos de sus contemporáneos en la teoría literaria. Un hermetismo académico y una frialdad en la escritura. Ciertamente es un libro importante, porque la idea de proponer una nueva ciencia del arte resulta esencial para entender el abstraccionismo. No obstante, me parece que sus cualidades negativas llegan a pesar en la lectura y, como gran parte del género teórico, en momentos los puntos de vista más interesantes del autor están resueltos en notas al pie de página.

  • Dominik Bosek

    I read this book in high school, over 30 years ago, and it had a big impact on me. It made me realize, among others various relationships of color and form. It seemed very revealing to me then. I think that for people associated with painting, graphics or architecture is recommendable even today when everything has gained such crazy acceleration and generally there is too much of everything ... so for some of us we have a problem with absorbing such amount of information ...

  • Chandler

    oh my god..."Line" is the furthest he gets from utter nonsense. "Plane" is almost okay. I'm sorry this is just... lol...some of it was unreadable. what's weird is I'm really sympathetic to a lot of what he's "trying" and a foundational, systematic approach to composition and the titular elements is a very cool idea. But this way of going about it...is...not how to do it, lmao. All the art in it is REALLY good though!!

  • Tony Rabiola

    This book, while cryptic, is great for understanding how Kandinsky thought about his artwork; in terms of pure abstraction. I read it before completing one of my favorite academic architecture projects: A house for Kandinsky. It helped me identify elements of his artwork that I could translate into a home for the artist which I though captured the essence of his painting through an architectural work. It's a relatively short read so it was no sweat to finish it in a couple days.

  • Russell

    Fun and useful "technical" treatment of fundamental issues of mark making.

    Never ceases to amaze me how much one can squeeze out of the smallest detail in mark making. Applies equally to writing as it does to image making.

    WK was deeply focused and verbose. Very helpful to studying and playing with his approach.

  • Christian

    Making synesthesia a science. Astonishing. Ever wonder why Kiki is the spiky one and Boohbah is the round one? read this book.


    I found myself thinking more profound thoughts than normal while reading this. It might take a while for them to trickle down to everyday thinking.

  • Anna

    It was the best introduction to the depth of abstract art.

  • Katya

    Completely changed my point of view on abstractionism!

  • Χρήστος Αναστασόπουλος

    Καντίνσκι, Σημείο, Γραμμή – Σημείο

    Αυτό που επεδίωξε ο συγγραφέας με αυτό το έργο του ήταν να θέσει τις βάσεις ώστε η αφηρημένη τέχνη να αποκτήσει τη σπουδαιότητα που της αρμόζει.
    Ξεκινάει με το σημείο, που κατά τη γνώμη του ανήκει στις συνήθειες που είναι μέσα μας αγκυροβολημένες με την παραδοσιακή τους αντήχηση, που είναι άφωνη. Η αντήχηση της σιωπής, που συντροφεύει συνήθως το σημείο, είναι τόσο δυνατή που ξεκουφαίνει τις άλλες ιδιότητες.
    Το σημείο αυτό υπάρχει πάντα μέσα μας, όμως τοποθετείται από τον καλλιτέχνη επάνω στον καμβά, στο χαρτί ή οπουδήποτε αλλού όταν υπάρχει λόγος. Μπορεί σε κάποιο έργο ένα σημείο να φαίνεται εντελώς αφηρημένο κι άσκοπο όμως έχει προέλθει ύστερα από ώριμη σκέψη, ίσως βέβαια και ασυνείδητη από τον καλλιτέχνη.
    Το ανοιχτό μάτι και το προσεκτικό αυτί (του καλλιτέχνη ή παρατηρητή) μετασχηματίζει τις ελάχιστες αισθήσεις σε σημαντικά περιστατικά. Τα νεκρά σημάδια γίνονται ζωντανά και ό,τι ήταν νεκρό ξαναζωντανεύει.
    Συνεχίζει με τη γραμμή που μας αναφέρει πως γεννήθηκε από την κίνηση – αφού εκμηδένισε την υπέρτατη ακινησία του σημείου.
    Η έλλειψη ακριβούς ορολογίας είναι δυστύχημα για τη ζωγραφική, διότι κάθε επιστημονική εργασία γίνεται δύσκολη, ίσως και αδύνατη.
    Σήμερα ο άνθρωπος κυριαρχείται από τον εξωτερικό κόσμο και το εσωτερικό είναι νεκρό γι’ αυτόν.
    Για παράδειγμα, ένα υπέροχο σάλτο μιας χορεύτριας του μπαλέτου μπορεί να αποτυπωθεί στον καμβά από έναν ζωγράφο με πέντε έξι γραμμές και μερικές ίσως τελείες.
    Ενώ από τη μια ο Καντίνσκι βάζει τις βάσεις για την εξήγηση της αφηρημένης τέχνης, από την άλλη μας αναφέρει πως δεν είναι σκοπός του να εγκαταστήσει κανόνες λίγο ή πολύ ακριβείς. Είναι σημαντικό να προκληθούν συζητήσεις αναφορικά με τις θεωρητικές μεθόδους. Μια άλλη σκέψη είναι πως οι μέθοδοι ανάλυσης της τέχνης ήταν πάντα πολύ αυθαίρετες και συχνά υπερβολικά υποκειμενικές.
    Πρέπει εξετάζοντας ένα έργο να σκεφτούμε τις διαφ��ρές που έχουν οι φυλές, τα έθνη και οι πολιτισμοί. Το αγαπημένο μου κομμάτι είναι το εξής: Θα ήταν πάρα πολύ απλοϊκό να υποθέσει κανείς πως ένας λαός βρίσκεται τυχαία σε μια αποφασιστική για την εξέλιξή του γεωμετρική θέση, όπως θα ήταν ανεπαρκές επίσης να ισχυριστούμε ότι η δημιουργική δύναμη του λαού αυτού σχηματίζεται και κατευθύνεται από τις πολιτικοοικονομικές του συνθήκες. Ο σκοπός της δημιουργικής δύναμης είναι εσωτερικός – και το εσωτερικό δεν εκφράζεται μόνο από τα εξωτερικά δεδομένα.
    Κάποια στιγμή χάνεται η γραμμή και γεννιέται το επίπεδο κι εκεί δεν μπορούμε να έχουμε ακριβή απάντηση όπως δεν έχουμε απάντηση στο πού τελειώνει ο ποταμός και πού αρχίζει η θάλασσα.
    Μια σημαντική σκέψη είναι πως όταν βλέπουμε ένα έργο καλό είναι να εμπιστευόμαστε την πρώτη εντύπωση, διότι η αίσθηση κουράζεται γρήγορα και παραχωρεί το πεδίο στη φαντασία. Το καλλιεργημένο μάτι από την άλλη θα πρέπει να είναι ικανό αφ’ ενός μεν να βλέπει την επιφάνεια του έργου όπως είναι, και αφ’ ετέρου να την αγνοεί όταν αυτή η επιφάνεια εκφράζει το χώρο.

  • Luis Francisco Palacios Martínez

    Debido a la próxima visita de la obra de Kandinsky a la Ciudad de México me puse a revisar un poco de su teoría pictórica, qué mejor que sus propias palabras para entender los conceptos de sus abstracciones. Explica de forma bastante coherente la relación que tienen para él la línea, el punto y el plano, su interacción con la geometría, el color, la dinámica y la música.

  • Jason Baldauf

    In Point and Line to Plane, Kandinsky studies the interactions of points and lines with the plane of the canvas. He associates characteristics such as temperature and sound, action and tension to the artist's marks. It can be a bit hard to follow despite it being a pretty easy read. If I were to read this again, I think I would have to be stoned to fully grasp the connections that he makes.

  • Gaby

    Leí este libro a pedido del profesor de Morfología en Diseño Gráfico y aunque se me hizo algo pesado, por el hecho de que no había leído nada prácticamente en este tema, debo decir que fue entretenido leerlo, y que me dejo un poco mas claras las cosas.

  • Jorge Romero

    This book is definitely deep. Author explained about the characterization of the basic concepts: point and line. This objects create various emotions when the viewer interacts with them. But, the author speaks with a specialist audience and breaks the rhythm of reading for the initiated.

  • Fabio TurboLangs

    Kandinsky decomposes here art and visual objects to their atomic essence: points, lines, planes... and overanalyze them afterwards.
    I found it heavy as hell. Once completed, though, I acquired a new approach to vision. Now I see points, lines and planes everywhere.

  • A

    I think it's a very interesting book if you like this artist because you can understand his point of view based on the synesthesia. It's kind of complex to understand at first, but if you take time and make schemes it makes the understanding a lot easier.

  • Fran Lavoz

    Fue informativo, pero siento que Kandinsky intenta crear un lenguaje común y objetivo entorno a la forma pero termina creando términos complejos y rebuscados a cosas simples pero en general es informativo pero no creo que lea mas del autor a menos que me obliguen en la universidad jajaj

  • María Gisela

    Ni idea, pero no dejo de pensar que "correr de puntillas equivale a ir regando puntos por el suelo", o el sonido de las formas, ni el método científico como posibilidad de la vida espiritual o la atmósfera presurosa que llevamos creando desde 1926 cuando la vio Kandinsky. Qué sé yo